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Load combinations are automatically generated by Sizer, according to the National Building Code of Canada (NBC) including the Structural Commentaries. Refer to the subtopics below for specific references.
All input loads are assumed to be specified, that is unfactored by the load combination factors or the importance factor. Sizer automatically adds all principal and companion load factors and the importance factor when generating load combinations.
Sizer generates a complete set of dead-load-resisting-failure combinations with the 0.9D factor.
The following table indicates all the load combinations that are created when all load types are applied to the the member, along with the duration factor KD corresponding to the load combination (unless CSA O86 5.3.2.2 permanent load factor applies.) The final column indicates which load combinations are patterned.
Refer to the notes beside the load combinations that indicate which ones are applied according to the Live and snow on exterior surface setting.
The load types in this table are D=dead W=wind S=snow H=earth,groundwater E=earthquake L=live(use,occupancy) Ls=live(storage,equipment) Lt =live(liquids in tanks) ) Ds=dead load due to soil.
Ultimate Limit States (Strength) |
Serviceability Limit States (Deflection) |
Kd |
Pattern |
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
1.4D + 1.5Ds |
1.0D + 1.0Ds |
0.65 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H |
0.65 |
|
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0L |
1.0 |
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0Ls |
0.65 |
Yes |
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.25Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0Lt |
0.65 |
Yes |
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0W |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5S |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0S |
1.0 |
Yes |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0E |
None |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0Ls |
0.65 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.25Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0Lt |
0.65 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0W |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5S |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0S |
1.0 |
|
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0E |
None |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5L + 1.5Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0L + 1.0Ls |
1.0 |
Yes |
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5L + 1.25Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0L + 1.0Lt |
1.0 |
Yes |
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.4W + 0.5S |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0W + 0.35S |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5S + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0S + 0.3W |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5L + 1.5Ls + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0L + 1.0Ls + 0.3W |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5L + 1.25Lt + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0L + 1.0Lt + 0.4W |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.4W + 0.5L + 1.0Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0W + 0.35L + 0.5 Ls |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5S + 1.0L + 0.5Lt |
1.0 |
|
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.4W + 0.5L + 0.5Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0W + 0.35L + 0.35Lt |
1.15 |
|
1.15 |
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||
1.15 |
|
||
1.15 |
|
||
1.15 |
|
||
None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.5Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0L + 1.0Ls |
1.0 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.25Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0L + 1.0Lt |
1.0 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5S |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0W + 0.5S |
1.15 |
|
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5S + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0S + 0.4W |
1.0 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.5Ls + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0L + 1.0Ls + 0.3W |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.25Lt + 0.4W |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0L + 1.0Lt + 0.3W |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5L + 1.0Ls |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0W + 0.35L + 0.5Ls |
1.15 |
|
1.0 |
|
||
1.25D + 1.5Ds + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5L + 0.5Lt |
1.0D + 1.0Ds + 1.0H + 1.0W + 0.35L + 0.35Lt |
1.15 |
|
1.15 |
|
||
1.15 |
|
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1.15 |
|
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1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
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None |
1.15 |
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Dead Load Resisting Failure Combinations |
|
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H |
None |
0.65 |
|
0.9D + 1.5Ls |
None |
0.65 |
Yes |
0.9D + 1.25Lt |
None |
0.65 |
Yes |
0.9D + 1.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
0.9D + 1.5S |
None |
1.0 |
Yes |
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5Ls |
None |
0.65 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.25Lt |
None |
0.65 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5S |
None |
1.0 |
|
0.9D + 1.5L + 1.5Ls |
None |
1.0 |
Yes |
0.9D + 1.5L + 1.25Lt |
None |
1.0 |
|
0.9D + 1.4W + 0.5S |
None |
1.15 |
|
0.9D + 1.5S + 0.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5L + 1.5Ls + 0.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5L + 1.25Lt + 0.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
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0.9D + 1.4W + 0.5L + 1.0Ls |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.4W + 0.5L + 0.5Lt |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
|
None |
1.15 |
|
|
None |
1.15 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.5Ls |
None |
1.0 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.25Lt |
None |
1.0 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5S |
None |
1.15 |
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5S + 0.4W |
None |
1.0 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.5Ls + 0.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.5L + 1.25Lt + 0.4W |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5L + 1.0Ls |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.0 |
|
|
0.9D + 1.5H + 1.4W + 0.5L + 0.5Lt |
None |
1.15 |
|
None |
1.15 |
|
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None |
1.15 |
|
|
None |
1.15 |
|
|
None |
1.15 |
|
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1These combinations created for technical reasons pertaining to the software model: they are not strictly necessary for engineering design.
2These combinations are created when the live and snow loads do not come directly from exterior surface.
3These combinations are created when the live and snow loads do come directly from exterior surface.
4This combination not patterned because it is created for technical software engineering reasons and these reasons do not extend to patterning.