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These are dead loads and wind uplift loads. They are applied directly to the tops of the walls along a shear line. They contribute only to the calculation of hold-down and compression forces at wall ends and openings.
They are usually entered as line loads, representing the force bearing upon a wall line. They can also be area loads, which are converted to line loads automatically using a tributary width that represents the width of floor or roof collecting the load. You can also create point loads representing concentrated mass or an installation that concentrates wind uplift forces.
The program allows you to specify what proportion of dead and wind uplift loads are concentrated at the wall ends vs. load that is passed through as a line load to the level below.
Vertical loads will survive small moves of shear lines, but will be lost with major adjustments.
Vertical loads are entered unfactored; the load combination factor is applied when hold-down and compression forces are calculated.